Growth rate can be determined by comparing Reproduce at fixed intervals at a constant rate What is geometric growth? - Pattern of population growth where organisms Interval What restricts population growth in most species? Breeding season, since typically rapid growth during breeding season followed by a decline through the rest of the year until the next breeding season. Populations grow at a fixed rate in a fixed time Population's environment When are population growth models used? When birth and death rates remain constant, Population change based on predictions of island populations, bacteria lab cultures What is the biotic potential? (Also called intrinsic rate of natural increase) Maximum reproductive rate that could beĪchieved under ideal conditions Why are population growth models important? Can help researchers predict patterns in most populations What is a closed population? Population is influenced only by natality and Population size over time How does a positive growth (Increase in size) occur ? If more births and immigrations than deaths andĮmigration How does a negative growth (Decrease in size) occur? If less births and immigrations than deaths andĮmigration What is an open population? Population that is influenced by natality, Initial population size (n) Why is this equation vital for biologist? Allows biologists to determine the changes in [(births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration) x 100 Population dynamics.) What equation is used for calculating changes in population size? Population change = (Population ecologist quantify these rates Human impacts limit reproductive potential Predators What limit reproductive potential? The food availability mating success, Make it to adulthood, but adults have few They produce large numbers of offspring
Have a considerably reduced mortality rate Individuals that survive to sexual maturity Their life, fairly constant death rate What is type III survivorship? - Very high mortality rates when they are young Show uniform risk of mortality throughout produce small numbers of offspring What is type II survivorship? - Intermediate between type I and type III typically slow to reach reproductive maturity Type III What is type I survivorship? - very low mortality until they are beyond their What is survivorship? - Percentage of a population that typically lives to a given age What are the three types of survivorship? - Type I It is dynamic due to constant variations in environmental conditions. What is a carrying capacity? Maximum number of organisms that can be sustainedīy available resources over a given period of time. Reproductive cycles but typically produce fewer Emigration: the number of individuals that move awayįrom an existing population How do natural determinants vary between species? Longer lived species have the potential for more Immigration: the number of individuals that move What do ecosystems have a finite of? Biotic and Abiotic resources Growth of a population depends on what 4 natural determinants? - Natality: number of births Therefore the estimated population size is 182 What is Technological Tracking of Wild Populations? Estimating population sizes, behaviour and migration patterns can be tracked using radio collars, satellite- linked devices and Geographic information systems. What is the estimated population? N = (M x n)/m A second sample of 21 individuals is caught in which 3 individuals are marked. Total Population (N)| Size of Second Sample (n) In a fish population of unknown size 26 individuals are captured,marked and released. What is the equation used for calculating the population using the mark-recapture method? Total # marked (M) |# of Recaptures (m) Estimates are made by comparing the second sample to Mix randomly with unmarked animals, researchersĬapture a second sample. After a period of time that allows marked individuals to Small sample of animals is captured, marked and then What is the Mark-Recapture Method? Sampling technique for estimating the size and density Population size and density areĪrea or all of the selected areas. Technological Tracking of Wild Populations What is the quadrant method? Commonly used for stationary or Number of tracks What are three good sampling techniques? - Quadrant method What are some indirect indicators in measuring a population? - Nests trees in tropical rainforest, studentsĪll over school on last day of classes. Individuals or when habitat conditions are Habitat in an unpredictable and patternless King Penguins, students in the theatre What is random dispersion? - Individuals are spread throughout a fish schools, students in a classroom What is uniform dispersion? - Individuals are equally spaced throughoutĮ.g. What is clumped dispersion? Dispersion pattern in which individuals in a population are more concentrated in certain parts of a habitat.
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